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This report documents the findings from research activities undertaken in Hanoi, Vietnam. The aim of the research was to analyse decentralised approaches towards wastewater and faecal sludge
management and to assess the impacts of these schemes at the local level and their potential implications at the policy level. The research focused on the experiences from two areas in
Hanoi to gain greater insight into key features of decentralisation related to:
Initially, the study set out to review existing policy and practices related to wastewater management in Vietnam and to consider the potential opportunities and constraints for
decentralisation. Subsequently, in relation to the case studies, more in-depth research activities were undertaken related to the technologies and their operation, management arrangements,
financial and economic assessment, and perceptions from local stakeholders of the relative merits of these systems. As well as a collation of technical data, these research activities
included semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions with a range of local stakeholders.
Decentralised wastewater management in Vietnam - a Hanoi case study.