Radiation-induced genomic instability and bystander effects: inter-related nontargeted effects of exposure to ionizing radiation

Radiation-induced genomic instability and bystander effects: inter-related nontargeted effects of exposure to ionizing radiation

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ABSTRACT The paradigm of genetic alterations being restricted to direct DNA damage after exposure to ionizing radiation has been challenged by observations in which cells that are not


exposed to ionizing radiation exhibit responses typically associated with direct radiation exposure. These effects are demonstrated in cells that are the descendants of irradiated cells


(radiation-induced genomic instability) or in cells that are in contact with irradiated cells or receive certain signals from irradiated cells (radiation-induced bystander effects). There is


accumulating evidence that radiation-induced genomic instability may be a consequence of, and in some cell systems may also produce, bystander interactions involving intercellular


signalling, production of cytokines and free-radical generation. These processes are also features of inflammatory responses that are known to have the potential for both bystander-mediated


and persisting damage as well as for conferring a predisposition to malignancy. Thus, radiation-induced genomic instability and untargeted bystander effects may reflect inter-related aspects


of inflammatory-type responses to radiation-induced stress and injury and contribute to the variety of pathological consequences of radiation exposures. Access through your institution Buy


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Research Council, The Leukaemia Research Fund and the Department of Health. AUTHOR INFORMATION AUTHORS AND AFFILIATIONS * Department of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, University of


Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, DD1 9SY, UK Sally A Lorimore, Philip J Coates & Eric G Wright Authors * Sally A Lorimore View author publications You can also


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THIS ARTICLE Lorimore, S., Coates, P. & Wright, E. Radiation-induced genomic instability and bystander effects: inter-related nontargeted effects of exposure to ionizing radiation.


_Oncogene_ 22, 7058–7069 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1207044 Download citation * Published: 13 October 2003 * Issue Date: 13 October 2003 * DOI:


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currently available for this article. Copy to clipboard Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative KEYWORDS * radiation * genetic instability * bystander effects *


clastogenic factors * inflammation