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ABSTRACT During the past decade it has become clear that the long-lived stratospheric clouds produced by volcanic eruptions are composed largely of sulphuric acid aerosols1,2. The amount of
sulphur-rich volatiles (for example, SO2, H2S) injected into the stratosphere by an explosive eruption is, therefore, a critical determinant of its atmospheric impact3,4. The small-volume
eruptions of Mt Agung in 1963 and El Chichón in 1982 both generated substantial stratospheric aerosol clouds, despite the fact that they erupted ≲0.5 km3 of magma. Comparison of data from
direct measurements of stratospheric optical depth, Greenland ice-core acidity, and volcanological studies shows that such relatively small, but sulphur-rich, eruptions can have atmospheric
effects equal to or even greater than much larger sulphur-poor eruptions. These small eruptions are probably the most frequent cause of increased stratospheric aerosols. Access through your
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New York, 10025, USA Michael R. Rampino * Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, New York, 10964, USA Michael R. Rampino * Department of Geology,
University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, 76019, USA Stephen Self Authors * Michael R. Rampino View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar
* Stephen Self View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar RIGHTS AND PERMISSIONS Reprints and permissions ABOUT THIS ARTICLE CITE THIS ARTICLE
Rampino, M., Self, S. Sulphur-rich volcanic eruptions and stratospheric aerosols. _Nature_ 310, 677–679 (1984). https://doi.org/10.1038/310677a0 Download citation * Received: 03 January 1984
* Accepted: 15 June 1984 * Issue Date: 23 August 1984 * DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/310677a0 SHARE THIS ARTICLE Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:
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