Play all audios:
ABSTRACT When moving around, mobile phones in stand-by mode periodically send data about their positions. The aim of this paper is to evaluate how personal radiofrequency electromagnetic
field (RF-EMF) measurements are affected by such location updates. Exposure from a mobile phone handset (uplink) was measured during commuting by using a randomized cross-over study with
three different scenarios: disabled mobile phone (reference), an activated dual-band phone and a quad-band phone. In the reference scenario, uplink exposure was highest during train rides
(1.19 mW/m2) and lowest during car rides in rural areas (0.001 mW/m2). In public transports, the impact of one’s own mobile phone on personal RF-EMF measurements was not observable because
of high background uplink radiation from other people’s mobile phone. In a car, uplink exposure with an activated phone was orders of magnitude higher compared with the reference scenario.
This study demonstrates that personal RF-EMF exposure is affected by one’s own mobile phone in stand-by mode because of its regular location update. Further dosimetric studies should
quantify the contribution of location updates to the total RF-EMF exposure in order to clarify whether the duration of mobile phone use, the most common exposure surrogate in the
epidemiological RF-EMF research, is actually an adequate exposure proxy. Access through your institution Buy or subscribe This is a preview of subscription content, access via your
institution ACCESS OPTIONS Access through your institution Subscribe to this journal Receive 6 print issues and online access $259.00 per year only $43.17 per issue Learn more Buy this
article * Purchase on SpringerLink * Instant access to full article PDF Buy now Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout ADDITIONAL ACCESS OPTIONS: * Log in
* Learn about institutional subscriptions * Read our FAQs * Contact customer support SIMILAR CONTENT BEING VIEWED BY OTHERS 5G MOBILE NETWORKS AND HEALTH—A STATE-OF-THE-SCIENCE REVIEW OF THE
RESEARCH INTO LOW-LEVEL RF FIELDS ABOVE 6 GHZ Article Open access 16 March 2021 AN ELECTRONIC TOLL COLLECTION GATEWAY BLE RSSI DATASET FOR LOCALIZATION OF SMARTPHONES IN VEHICULAR SCENARIOS
Article Open access 06 March 2025 MAPPING OF STATIC MAGNETIC FIELDS NEAR THE SURFACE OF MOBILE PHONES Article Open access 24 September 2021 REFERENCES * Röösli M, Frei P, Bolte J, Neubauer
G, Cardis E, Feychting M _et al_ Conduct of a personal radiofrequency electromagnetic field measurement study: proposed study protocol. _Environ Health_ 2010; 9 (1): 23. Article Google
Scholar * Viel JF, Cardis E, Moissonnier M, de Seze R, Hours M . Radiofrequency exposure in the French general population: band, time, location and activity variability. _Environ Int_ 2009;
35 (8): 1150–1154. Article Google Scholar * Bolte JF, van der Zande G, Kamer J . Calibration and uncertainties in personal exposure measurements of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields.
_Bioelectromagnetics_ 2011; 32 (8): 652–653. Article Google Scholar * Thuróczy G, Molnar F, Jánossy G, Nagy N, Kubinyi G, Bakos J _et al_ Personal RF exposimetry in urban area. _Ann
Telecommun_ 2008; 63 (1-2): 87–96. Article Google Scholar * Joseph W, Vermeeren G, Verloock L, Heredia MM, Martens L . Characterization of personal RF electromagnetic field exposure and
actual absorption for the general public. _Health Phys_ 2008; 95 (3): 317–330. Article CAS Google Scholar * Frei P, Mohler E, Bürgi A, Fröhlich J, Neubauer G, Braun-Fahrländer C _et al_
Classification of personal exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) for epidemiological research: Evaluation of different exposure assessment methods. _Environ Int_ 2010;
36 (7): 714–720. Article Google Scholar * Lin YB, Lee PC, Chlamtac I . Dynamic periodic location update in mobile networks. _IEEE Trans Vehicular Technol_ 2002; 51: 615–624. Google Scholar
* Joseph W, Frei P, Röösli M, Thuróczy G, Gajsek P, Trcek T _et al_ Comparison of personal radio frequency electromagnetic field exposure in different urban areas across Europe. _Environ
Res_ 2010; 110 (7): 658–663. Article CAS Google Scholar * Frei P, Mohler E, Neubauer G, Theis G, Bürgi A, Fröhlich J _et al_ Temporal and spatial variability of personal exposure to radio
frequency electromagnetic fields. _Environ Res_ 2009; 109 (6): 779–785. Article CAS Google Scholar * Röösli M, Frei P, Mohler E, Braun-Fahrländer C, Bürgi A, Fröhlich J _et al_
Statistical analysis of personal radiofrequency electromagnetic field measurements with nondetects. _Bioelectromagnetics_ 2008; 29 (6): 471–478. Article Google Scholar * Vrijheid M, Mann
S, Vecchia P, Wiart J, Taki M, Ardoino L _et al_ Determinants of mobile phone output power in a multinational study: implications for exposure assessment. _Occup Environ Med_ 2009; 66 (10):
664–71. Article CAS Google Scholar * Cooke R, Laing S, Swerdlow AJ . A case–control study of risk of leukaemia in relation to mobile phone use. _Br J Cancer_ 2010; 103 (11): 1729–1735.
Article CAS Google Scholar * Divan HA, Kheifets L, Obel C, Olsen J . Prenatal and postnatal exposure to cell phone use and behavioral problems in children. _Epidemiology_ 2008; 19 (4):
523–529. Article Google Scholar * Vrijheid M, Martinez D, Forns J, Guxens M, Julvez J, Ferrer M _et al_ Prenatal exposure to cell phone use and neurodevelopment at 14 months.
_Epidemiology_ 2010; 21 (2): 259–262. Article Google Scholar * Baumann J, Landstorfer FM, Geisbusch L, Georg R . Evaluation of radiation exposure by UMTS mobile phones. _Electron Lett_
2006; 42 (4): 225–226. Article Google Scholar Download references AUTHOR INFORMATION AUTHORS AND AFFILIATIONS * Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public
Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland Damiano Urbinello & Martin Röösli * University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland Damiano Urbinello & Martin Röösli Authors * Damiano Urbinello View
author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Martin Röösli View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR Correspondence to Martin Röösli. ETHICS DECLARATIONS COMPETING INTERESTS The authors declare no conflict of interest. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION Supplementary Information
accompanies the paper on the Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology website SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION SUPPLEMENTARY FIGURE 1A–D (DOC 152 KB) RIGHTS AND PERMISSIONS
Reprints and permissions ABOUT THIS ARTICLE CITE THIS ARTICLE Urbinello, D., Röösli, M. Impact of one’s own mobile phone in stand-by mode on personal radiofrequency electromagnetic field
exposure. _J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol_ 23, 545–548 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1038/jes.2012.97 Download citation * Received: 26 September 2011 * Accepted: 03 August 2012 * Published: 24
October 2012 * Issue Date: September 2013 * DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/jes.2012.97 SHARE THIS ARTICLE Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Get
shareable link Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Copy to clipboard Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative KEYWORDS *
radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) * personal exposure meters (PEM) * location update * mobile phone * stand-by