Exposure to bisphenol a among school children in eastern china: a multicenter cross-sectional study

Exposure to bisphenol a among school children in eastern china: a multicenter cross-sectional study

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ABSTRACT Bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the highest production and consumption volume chemicals in the world. Although exposure of children to BPA has been studied in Western countries, little


is known about its level in China. In this study, total BPA was measured in the morning urine samples of 666 school children aged 9–12 years from three regions in eastern China in 2012. A


rapid and sensitive ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) method was used for the measurement and urinary concentrations of BPA were presented as


unadjusted (ng/ml), creatinine-adjusted (_μ_g/g creatinine) and specific gravity (SG)-adjusted (ng/ml) forms. BPA was detected in 98.9% of urine samples with their unadjusted concentrations


ranging from 0.1 to 326.0 ng/ml (LOD=0.06 ng/ml), indicating that the exposure of BPA was common for school children living in eastern China. The geometric mean and median of BPA was 1.11 


ng/ml (creatinine-adjusted: 2.32 _μ_g/g creatinine; SG-adjusted: 1.17 ng/ml) and 1.00 ng/ml (creatinine-adjusted: 2.22 _μ_g/g creatinine; SG-adjusted: 1.07 ng/ml), respectively. The highest


urinary BPA level was found in the age group of 12 years with GM concentration of 1.55 ng/ml, and it decreased with decreasing age (11 years: 1.18 ng/ml; 10 years: 1.05 ng/ml; and 9 years:


0.99 ng/ml), but there was a lack of consistency for age associated with BPA levels in three study areas. The estimated daily intake of BPA (0.023 _μ_g/kg bw/day) was much lower than the


tolerable daily and reference dose of 50 _μ_g/kg bw/day recommended by either the European Food Safety Authority or the US Environment Protection Agency. There was no significant difference


in urinary BPA concentrations between children who were overweight or obese and those with normal weight (_P_=0.26), whereas BPA daily intake was unexpectedly higher among normal-weight


children (_P_=0.003). Compared with creatinine correction, the correction method of specific gravity is preferred to evaluate BPA exposure for children. Access through your institution Buy


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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This study was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81373089), 985 Innovation Platform Project for Superiority Subject of Ministry of Education of China


(No. EZF201001), grants of the National Health Research Program from the State Ministry of Health of China (No. 201202012) and New Teacher Fund for Doctor Station, the Ministry of Education


of China (No. 20120071120051). AUTHOR INFORMATION AUTHORS AND AFFILIATIONS * School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, Fudan University,


Shanghai, China Bin Wang, Hexing Wang, Ying Zhou & Qingwu Jiang * Department of Geriatrics, The Affiliated Taizhou Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai City, Zhejiang Province,


China Wei Zhou * Department of Laboratory Medicine, Anting Hospital, Shanghai, China Yanhong He * Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of


Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Yue Chen Authors * Bin Wang View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Hexing Wang View author publications You


can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Wei Zhou View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Yanhong He View author publications


You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Ying Zhou View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Yue Chen View author


publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Qingwu Jiang View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar CORRESPONDING


AUTHOR Correspondence to Ying Zhou. ETHICS DECLARATIONS COMPETING INTERESTS The authors declare no conflict of interest. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION Supplementary Information accompanies the


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THIS ARTICLE Wang, B., Wang, H., Zhou, W. _et al._ Exposure to bisphenol A among school children in eastern China: A multicenter cross-sectional study. _J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol_ 24,


657–664 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1038/jes.2014.36 Download citation * Received: 20 September 2013 * Revised: 25 February 2014 * Accepted: 28 March 2014 * Published: 28 May 2014 * Issue


Date: November 2014 * DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/jes.2014.36 SHARE THIS ARTICLE Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Get shareable link Sorry, a


shareable link is not currently available for this article. Copy to clipboard Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative KEYWORDS * BPA * urine * daily intake *


China * children