ABSTRACT The discovery of microRNAs (miRNAs) almost two decades ago established a new paradigm of gene regulation. During the past ten years these tiny non-coding RNAs have been linked to

virtually all known physiological and pathological processes, including cancer. In the same way as certain key protein-coding genes, miRNAs can be deregulated in cancer, in which they can

function as a group to mark differentiation states or individually as bona fide oncogenes or tumour suppressors. Importantly, miRNA biology can be harnessed experimentally to investigate

cancer phenotypes or used therapeutically as a target for drugs or as the drug itself. Access through your institution Buy or subscribe This is a preview of subscription content, access via

* Learn about institutional subscriptions * Read our FAQs * Contact customer support SIMILAR CONTENT BEING VIEWED BY OTHERS CHASING NON-EXISTENT “MICRORNAS” IN CANCER Article Open access 18

April 2025 MICRORNA-184 IN THE LANDSCAPE OF HUMAN MALIGNANCIES: A REVIEW TO ROLES AND CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Article Open access 24 November 2023 MICRORNA: TRENDS IN CLINICAL TRIALS OF CANCER

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We apologize to all colleagues whose work could not be cited owing to space restrictions. We thank L. Dow, A. Ventura, A. Saborowski and V. Aranda for their comments on the manuscript, and

G. Hannon and L. He for the many discussions. A.L. is supported by an EMBO Long-Term Fellowship. S.W.L. is a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator. AUTHOR INFORMATION AUTHORS AND

AFFILIATIONS * Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), 1275 York Avenue, New York, 10065, New York, USA Amaia Lujambio & Scott W. Lowe *

Howard Hughes Medical Institute, MSKCC, 1275 York Avenue, New York, 10065, New York, USA Scott W. Lowe Authors * Amaia Lujambio View author publications You can also search for this author

inPubMed Google Scholar * Scott W. Lowe View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar CORRESPONDING AUTHOR Correspondence to Scott W. Lowe. ETHICS

DECLARATIONS COMPETING INTERESTS The authors declare no competing financial interests. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION Reprints and permissions information is available at www.nature.com/reprints

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