Sunlight and free radicals | Nature Chemistry

Sunlight and free radicals | Nature Chemistry

Play all audios:

Loading...

THOMAS TIDWELL reflects on the overlooked — but prescient — proposal by the British chemists Arthur Downes and Thomas Blunt for photochemical free-radical formation, decades before Moses


Gomberg launched the field of radical chemistry by preparing triphenylmethyl, the first stable organic radical. Access through your institution Buy or subscribe This is a preview of


subscription content, access via your institution ACCESS OPTIONS Access through your institution Subscribe to this journal Receive 12 print issues and online access $259.00 per year only


$21.58 per issue Learn more Buy this article * Purchase on SpringerLink * Instant access to full article PDF Buy now Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout


ADDITIONAL ACCESS OPTIONS: * Log in * Learn about institutional subscriptions * Read our FAQs * Contact customer support REFERENCES *


http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1903/press.html * Downes, A. & Blunt, T. P. _Proc. R. Soc. Lond._ 26, 488–500 (1877). Google Scholar  * Jaenicke, L. _Angew.


Chem. Int. Ed._ 46, 6776–6782 (2007). Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * Faraday, M. _Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond._ 111, 47–74 (1821). Article  Google Scholar  * Draper, J. W. _Text-Book on


Chemistry_ (Harper & Brothers, 1861). Google Scholar  * Barker, G. F. _Biogr. Mem. Natl Acad. Sci. USA_ 2, 349–388 (1886). Google Scholar  * Cukierman, S. _Biochim. Biophys. Acta_ 1757,


876–885 (2006). Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar  * Downes, A. & Blunt, T. P. _Proc. R. Soc. Lond._ 28, 199–212 (1878). Google Scholar  * Downes, A. & Blunt, T. P. _Proc. R. Soc.


Lond._ 29, 219–221 (1879). Article  Google Scholar  * Downes, A. & Blunt, T. P. _Nature_ 20, 521 (1879). Google Scholar  * Lewis, G. N. _J. Am. Chem. Soc._ 38, 762–785 (1916). Article 


CAS  Google Scholar  * Lewis, G. N. _Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA_ 2, 586–592 (1916). Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar  * Hunt, J. P. & Taube, H. _J. Am. Chem. Soc._ 74, 5999–6002


(1952). Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * Tidwell, T. T. in _Handbook of Radical Chemistry and Biology_ (eds Chatgilialoglu, C. & Studer, A.) Vol. 1, Ch. 1, (Wiley, 2012). Google Scholar 


* Mathews, J. H. & Curtis, H. A. _J. Phys. Chem._ 18, 166–178 (1914). Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * Hofer, T. et al. _Biol. Chem._ 386, 333–337 (2005). Article  CAS  PubMed  Google


Scholar  * Ihde, A. J. _Pure Appl. Chem._ 15, 1–13 (1967). Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * Hudson, J. _The History of Chemistry_ 114–116 (Macmillan, 1992). Book  Google Scholar  * Kolbe, H.


_Liebigs Ann. Chem._ 69, 257–294 (1849). Article  Google Scholar  * Frankland, E. _Liebigs Ann. Chem._ 71, 171–213 (1849). Article  Google Scholar  * Crum Brown, A. & Walker, J. _Liebigs


Ann. Chem._ 261, 107–128 (1891). Article  Google Scholar  * Gomberg, M. _Chem. Ber._ 33, 3150–3163 (1900). Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * Gomberg, M. _J. Am. Chem. Soc._ 22, 757–771


(1900). Article  Google Scholar  * Tidwell, T. T. _Adv. Phys. Org. Chem._ 36, 1–58 (2001). CAS  Google Scholar  * Wieland, H. _Ber. Dtsch. Chem. Ges._ 44, 2550–2556 (1911). Article  CAS 


Google Scholar  * DiLabio, G. A. et al. _Angew. Chem. Int. Ed._ 49, 5982–5985 (2010). Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * Bonhoeffer, K. F. _Z. Phys. Chem._ 113, 199–219 (1924). Article  CAS 


Google Scholar  * Paneth, F. & Hofeditz, W. _Ber. Dtsch. Chem. Ges._ 62, 1335–1347 (1929). Article  Google Scholar  * Berthoud, A. & Béraneck, J. _Helv. Chim. Acta_ 10, 289–299


(1927). Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * Wachholtz, F. _Z. Phys. Chem._ 125, 1–48 (1927). Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * Dickinson, R. G. & Leermakers, J. A. _J. Am. Chem. Soc._ 54,


3852–3862 (1932). Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * Dickinson, R. G. & Carrico, J. L. _J. Am. Chem. Soc._ 56, 1473–1480 (1934). Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * Bauer, W. H. & Daniels,


F. J. _J. Am. Chem. Soc._ 56, 2014 (1934). Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * Smith, H. P., Noyes, W. A. Jr & Hart, E. J. _J. Am. Chem. Soc._ 55, 4444–4459 (1933). Article  CAS  Google


Scholar  * Price, C. C. _J. Am. Chem. Soc._ 58, 1834–1838 (1936). Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * Haber, F. & Willstätter, R. _Ber. Dtsch. Chem. Ges._ 64, 2844–2856 (1931). Article 


Google Scholar  * Haber, F. & Weiss, J. _Naturwissenschaften_ 15, 948–950 (1932). Article  Google Scholar  * Blunt, T. P. _The Analyst_ 5, 79–81 (1880). Article  Google Scholar  *


Jamieson, J. _Proc. R. Soc. Vic._ 17, 116–123 (1882). Google Scholar  * Jamieson, J. _Proc. R. Soc. Vic._ 20, 1–2 (1884). Google Scholar  * Downes, A. & Blunt, M. _Proc. R. Soc. Vic._


20, 2–6 (1884). Google Scholar  * Downes, A. _Proc. R. Soc. Lond._ 40, 14–22 (1886). Article  Google Scholar  * _Brit. Med. J._ 652–653 (1938). * Lowe, H. _The Analyst_ 5, 79–81 (1932).


Google Scholar  * Stuhl, B. K. et al. _Nature_ 492, 396–400 (2012). Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar  Download references ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The assistance of Jeanette Jerome, the great


granddaughter of Thomas P. Blunt, in providing information for this manuscript is gratefully acknowledged. AUTHOR INFORMATION AUTHORS AND AFFILIATIONS * Thomas Tidwell is in the Department


of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada. He was first exposed to free-radical chemistry as a graduate student at Harvard University in the laboratory of Paul D.


Bartlett. His work there involved carbocation chemistry and steric crowding, but he later drifted into the study of free radicals and of ketenes, Thomas Tidwell Authors * Thomas Tidwell


View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar CORRESPONDING AUTHOR Correspondence to Thomas Tidwell. RIGHTS AND PERMISSIONS Reprints and permissions


ABOUT THIS ARTICLE CITE THIS ARTICLE Tidwell, T. Sunlight and free radicals. _Nature Chem_ 5, 637–639 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1038/nchem.1703 Download citation * Published: 07 July 2013 *


Issue Date: August 2013 * DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nchem.1703 SHARE THIS ARTICLE Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Get shareable link Sorry, a


shareable link is not currently available for this article. Copy to clipboard Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative