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The selective response of tumours to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy can be due to tumour-intrinsic features, such as mutational load in melanoma and non-small-cell lung cancer.
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) has a similar ICB response rate to these cancers despite having a much lower mutational load. Now, Miao et al. identify genomic alterations that
influence the response of patients with metastatic ccRCC to ICB therapy with the anti-PD-1 antibody nivolumab.
“We performed whole-exome and transcriptome profiling of paired tumour samples and nonmalignant tissues from 35 patients with ccRCC receiving ICB, followed by computational analysis to
discern genomic features that were enriched in patients that responded to ICB therapy,” explains Eliezer Van Allen. The findings from the discovery cohort were confirmed by testing a
validation cohort of 63 patients with metastatic ccRCC who were receiving ICB therapy.
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