Effects from various initial molar ratios of aniline (AN), ammonium peroxydisulfate (APS) and HCl ([AN]:[APS]:[HCl]) on the polymerization of AN were investigated. First, a scheme derived

from a molecular point of view was proposed to distinguish formation mechanisms based on their initial conditions. Thereafter, by choosing a relatively low ratio of [APS]/[AN]=0.23 at

[AN]=0.27 M, three cases can be categorized according to this scheme: (A) [AN]≫[HCl], (B) [AN] slightly larger than [HCl] and (C) [AN]1 kΩ) or a Keithley 2400 electrometer (for R