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ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Data regarding North-American incidental (cT1a/b) prostate cancer (PCa) patients is scarce. To address this, incidental PCa characteristics (age, PSA values at diagnosis,
Gleason score [GS]), subsequent treatment and cancer-specific survival (CSS) rates were explored. METHODS Incidental PCa patients were identified within the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and
End Results (SEER) database (2004-2015). Descriptive statistics, annual percentage changes (EAPC), Kaplan-Meier estimates, as well as Cox regression models were used. Bootstrapping technique
was used to generate 95% confidence intervals for CSS at 6 years. RESULTS Of all 344,031 newly diagnosed non metastatic PCa patients, 5155 harbored incidental PCa. Annual rates of
incidental PCa increased from 1.9% (2004) to 2.5 % (2015; _p_ = 0.02). PSA values at diagnosis were 0–4 ng/ml in 48% vs. 4–10 ng/ml in 31% vs. > 10 ng/ml in 21%. Of all incidental PCa
patients, 64% harbored GS 6 vs. 25% GS 7 vs. 11% GS ≥ 8. Of all incidental PCa patients, 47% were aged < 70, 35% were between 70 and 79 and 18% were ≥ 80 years. Subsequently, 71%
underwent no local treatment (NLT) vs. 16% radical prostatectomy (RP) vs. 14% radiotherapy (RT). Proportions of patients with NLT increased from 65 to 81% (_p_ = 0.0001) over the study
period (2004–2015). CSS at six years ranged from 58% in GS ≥ 8 patients with NLT to 100% in patients who harbored GS 6 and underwent either RP or RT. CONCLUSION Incidental PCa in the United
States is rare. Most incidental PCa patients are diagnosed in men aged less than 80 years of age. The majority of incidental PCa patients undergo NLT and enjoy excellent CSS. Access through
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CONTENT BEING VIEWED BY OTHERS THE ASSOCIATION OF PATIENT AND DISEASE CHARACTERISTICS WITH THE OVERTREATMENT OF LOW-RISK PROSTATE CANCER FROM 2010 TO 2016 Article 30 March 2024 TEMPORAL
TRENDS IN THE NUMBER OF MEN ELECTING FOR CONSERVATIVE MANAGEMENT FOR LOW-RISK PROSTATE CANCER IN THE UNITED STATES Article 13 July 2020 ACTIVE SURVEILLANCE IN INTERMEDIATE-RISK PROSTATE
CANCER WITH PSA 10–20 NG/ML: PATHOLOGICAL OUTCOME ANALYSIS OF A POPULATION-LEVEL DATABASE Article Open access 10 September 2021 DATA AVAILABILITY All data generated for this analysis were
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Google Scholar Download references AUTHOR INFORMATION AUTHORS AND AFFILIATIONS * Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, Division of Urology, University of Montréal Health Center,
Montréal, QC, Canada Lukas Scheipner, Reha-Baris Incesu, Simone Morra, Andrea Baudo, Anis Assad, Letizia Maria Ippolita Jannello, Carolin Siech, Mario de Angelis, Francesco Barletta, Zhe
Tian, Fred Saad & Pierre I. Karakiewicz * Department of Urology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria Lukas Scheipner & Sascha Ahyai * Martini-Klinik Prostate Cancer Center,
University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany Reha-Baris Incesu & Derya Tilki * Department of Neurosciences, Science of Reproduction and Odontostomatology, University of Naples
Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy Simone Morra * Department of Urology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy Andrea Baudo & Nicola Longo * Department of Urology, IEO European
Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Via Ripamonti 435, Milan, Italy Letizia Maria Ippolita Jannello, Luca Carmignani & Ottavio De Cobelli * Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
Letizia Maria Ippolita Jannello & Ottavio De Cobelli * Department of Urology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany Carolin Siech
& Felix K. H. Chun * Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, Urological Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy Mario de Angelis,
Francesco Barletta & Alberto Briganti * Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria Shahrokh F. Shariat * Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
Shahrokh F. Shariat * Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, USA Shahrokh F. Shariat * Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research, Al-Ahliyya Amman
University, Amman, Jordan Shahrokh F. Shariat * Department of Urology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany Derya Tilki * Department of Urology, Koc University Hospital,
Istanbul, Turkey Derya Tilki * Department of Urology, IRCCS Ospedale Galeazzi - Sant’Ambrogio, Milan, Italy Luca Carmignani * Department of Oncology and Haemato-Oncology, Università degli
Studi di Milano, 20122, Milan, Italy Ottavio De Cobelli Authors * Lukas Scheipner View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Reha-Baris Incesu
View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Simone Morra View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar *
Andrea Baudo View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Anis Assad View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google
Scholar * Letizia Maria Ippolita Jannello View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Carolin Siech View author publications You can also search
for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Mario de Angelis View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Francesco Barletta View author publications
You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Zhe Tian View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Fred Saad View author
publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Shahrokh F. Shariat View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Alberto
Briganti View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Felix K. H. Chun View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google
Scholar * Derya Tilki View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Nicola Longo View author publications You can also search for this author
inPubMed Google Scholar * Luca Carmignani View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Ottavio De Cobelli View author publications You can also
search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Sascha Ahyai View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Pierre I. Karakiewicz View author
publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar CONTRIBUTIONS Concept and design: LS, FB, PIK. Data management and analysis: R-BI, SM, AB, AA, LMIJ, CS, MdA, ZT.
Manuscript writing: LS, PIK, SA. Interpretation and supervision: FS, SFS, AB, FKHC, DT, NL, LC, ODC. Final approval of manuscript: all authors. CORRESPONDING AUTHOR Correspondence to Lukas
Scheipner. ETHICS DECLARATIONS COMPETING INTERESTS The authors declare no competing interests. ETHICS APPROVAL All analyses and their reporting followed the SEER reporting guidelines. Due to
the anonymously coded design of the SEER database, study-specific Institutional Review Board ethics approval was not required. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION PUBLISHER’S NOTE Springer Nature
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CITE THIS ARTICLE Scheipner, L., Incesu, RB., Morra, S. _et al._ Characteristics of incidental prostate cancer in the United States. _Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis_ 27, 709–714 (2024).
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41391-023-00742-7 Download citation * Received: 31 July 2023 * Revised: 05 October 2023 * Accepted: 12 October 2023 * Published: 23 October 2023 * Issue Date:
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