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Access through your institution Buy or subscribe Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells have an almost invariant TCRα chain that is paired with a restricted repertoire of TCRβ chains
and recognize specific microbial metabolites presented by the MHC class I-like molecule MR1. However, some MAIT cells also bind to non-microbial ligands, and alterations in MAIT cells have
been observed in non-microbial inflammatory diseases such as diabetes, multiple sclerosis and obesity. Chancellor et al. show that a discrete population of circulating MAIT cells in healthy
individuals has dual reactivity, binding both microbial antigens and self-antigens, and they identify a motif in the TCRβ chain that can facilitate such promiscuous MR1 binding. The authors
propose that self-reactivity may depend on particular ligand-dependent conformations of MR1 rather than the direct interaction with MR1-bound ligand. Furthermore, they hypothesize that
self-recognition by MAIT cells might have regulatory and/or homeostatic functions, and that self-reactive MAIT cells participate in inflammatory and autoimmune conditions with perturbed
immune homeostasis, as well as in cancer surveillance and progression. This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution ACCESS OPTIONS Access through your institution
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REFERENCES ORIGINAL ARTICLE * Chancellor, A. et al. Promiscuous recognition of MR1 drives self-reactive mucosal-associated invariant T cell responses. _J. Exp. Med._ 220, e20221939 (2023)
Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Download references AUTHOR INFORMATION AUTHORS AND AFFILIATIONS * Nature Reviews Immunology http://www.nature.com/nri/ Alexandra Flemming Authors *
Alexandra Flemming View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar CORRESPONDING AUTHOR Correspondence to Alexandra Flemming. RIGHTS AND PERMISSIONS
Reprints and permissions ABOUT THIS ARTICLE CITE THIS ARTICLE Flemming, A. Self-reactive MAIT cells are common in healthy individuals. _Nat Rev Immunol_ 23, 543 (2023).
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41577-023-00929-y Download citation * Published: 28 July 2023 * Issue Date: September 2023 * DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41577-023-00929-y SHARE THIS ARTICLE
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