ABSTRACT Integrating magnetic skyrmions into neuromorphic computing could help improve hardware efficiency and computational power. However, developing a scalable implementation of the

weighted sum of neuron signals—a core operation in neural networks—has remained a challenge. Here we show that weighted sum operations can be performed in a compact, biologically inspired

manner by using the non-volatile and particle-like characteristics of magnetic skyrmions that make them easily countable and summable. The skyrmions are electrically generated in numbers

proportional to an input with an efficiency given by a non-volatile weight. The chiral particles are then directed using localized current injections to a location in which their presence is

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about institutional subscriptions * Read our FAQs * Contact customer support SIMILAR CONTENT BEING VIEWED BY OTHERS NEUROMORPHIC COMPUTING AT SCALE Article 22 January 2025 PHYSICS FOR

NEUROMORPHIC COMPUTING Article 28 July 2020 LINEAR SYMMETRIC SELF-SELECTING 14-BIT KINETIC MOLECULAR MEMRISTORS Article 11 September 2024 DATA AVAILABILITY The data that support the findings

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This work is supported by the Horizon 2020 Framework Program of the European Commission under FET-Proactive Grant SKYTOP (no. 824123), by the European Research Council

advanced grant GrenaDyn (reference no. 101020684), by the EU project SkyANN (reference no. 101135729) and from a France 2030 government grant managed by the French National Research Agency

(grant no. ANR-22-EXSP-0002 PEPR SPIN CHIREX). AUTHOR INFORMATION Author notes * Tristan da Câmara Santa Clara Gomes Present address: Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences,

Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium AUTHORS AND AFFILIATIONS * Laboratoire Albert Fert, CNRS, Thales, Université Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau, France Tristan da Câmara

Santa Clara Gomes, Yanis Sassi, Dédalo Sanz-Hernández, Sachin Krishnia, Sophie Collin, Marie-Blandine Martin, Pierre Seneor, Vincent Cros, Julie Grollier & Nicolas Reyren Authors *

Tristan da Câmara Santa Clara Gomes View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Yanis Sassi View author publications You can also search for this

author inPubMed Google Scholar * Dédalo Sanz-Hernández View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Sachin Krishnia View author publications You can

also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Sophie Collin View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Marie-Blandine Martin View author

publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Pierre Seneor View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Vincent Cros

View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Julie Grollier View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar *

Nicolas Reyren View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar CONTRIBUTIONS M.-B.M., P.S., V.C., J.G. and N.R. conceived the project. N.R., D.S.-H.,

Y.S. and T.d.C.S.C.G. designed the measurement procedure. S.C., Y.S. and T.d.C.S.C.G. grew the multilayer films and Ta electrodes. T.d.C.S.C.G. patterned the samples, acquired the

magneto-optic Kerr effect and transport data, treated and analysed the data with support from Y.S., D.S.-H., S.K., M.-B.M., P.S., V.C., J.G. and N.R. T.d.C.S.C.G., V.C., J.G. and N.R.

prepared the manuscript. All authors discussed and commented on the manuscript. CORRESPONDING AUTHORS Correspondence to Tristan da Câmara Santa Clara Gomes, Vincent Cros, Julie Grollier or

Nicolas Reyren. ETHICS DECLARATIONS COMPETING INTERESTS The authors declare no competing interests. PEER REVIEW PEER REVIEW INFORMATION _Nature Electronics_ thanks Jayasimha Atulasimha and

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ARTICLE CITE THIS ARTICLE da Câmara Santa Clara Gomes, T., Sassi, Y., Sanz-Hernández, D. _et al._ Neuromorphic weighted sums with magnetic skyrmions. _Nat Electron_ 8, 204–214 (2025).

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