Poor mental health among young people is on the rise in the UK, while access to support and treatment remains patchy. There is now a pressing need to build resilience in young people to

minimise their risk of poor mental health later on, as our latest report argues. There are 12.5m young people in England, and one in ten will experience poor mental health. Half of all

lifelong mental health problems start before the age of 14, but only one in four young people uses mental health services. An extra 23,800 staff, at a cost of £1.77 billion, is needed so

that every young person who needs mental health support can get it. In the short term, though, this is unrealistic. TREATMENT GAP To address this treatment gap, we need to invest in building

build resilience as it provides lifelong mental health benefits. Resilience is the ability to deal with life’s challenges and stresses in a healthy and positive way. This involves drawing on

personal resources, such as the ability to manage anxiety and negative thoughts, as well as social resources, such as having positive relationships with family, friends and adults,

including teachers. Social and economic circumstances also affect a child’s ability to develop resilience. Children from low-income families are much more likely to experience poor mental

health, compared with children from high-income families. TWO-PRONGED APPROACH Preventing poor mental health in childhood and in later life needs a two-pronged approach. First, parents need

support so they can provide a secure home for their children. Alongside this, parents, schools and youth organisations need to help children develop positive relationships and teach them how

to deal with relationship problems and other difficulties in life. Second, we need to minimise the risk to children’s mental health. These risks include all forms of abuse, poverty and

other negative experiences during childhood, such as being bullied. Positive relationships with family members, friends, teachers and other adults can act as a buffer against these negative

experiences. Investing in prevention would save the government, the NHS, education, the criminal justice system and employers money in the long run, so investing in the resilience of

children should be everybody’s business. While there have been repeated calls for action over the past ten years, progress has been sluggish. Many areas lack a strategy, and investment in

preventative activity is often short term. Planning for a resilient generation requires public health to work with health, education, parents, young people and other partners. Together they

need to identify the actions they can take for the whole population as well as for those groups that are particularly at risk. And they will need to prioritise what to invest in. There is

good evidence for specific interventions that will improve mental health and deliver an early payback on the investment. For example, providing social and emotional learning in schools can

achieve a saving of £5 for every £1 invested over a three-year period. Local government also needs to take action to ensure that vulnerable families and young people have a secure income,

housing and access to health, education and employment. This includes a concerted effort to reduce the harm caused by negative childhood experiences, such as abuse, and by focusing on young

people who are particularly at risk of poor mental health, as is the case with young people who have been in care. Even with a robust resilience programme, there will always be young people

who experience poor mental health, so it’s still important to respond quickly to the first signs of distress. This has implications for all of us in knowing how to respond well and how to

access the right support. ONE-STOP SERVICE Mental health services for young people have long waiting lists and we need to develop accessible and friendly one-stop-shop services that can

better meet their needs, such as the Australian organisation, Headspace, a national youth mental health service, designed with input from young people. Building resilience, minimising risks

to mental health and ensuring effective support is available has the potential to halve the number of children experiencing poor mental health within a generation. The benefits of this will

be realised not only by young people and their families but also by wider society and the economy. Investing in the resilience of young people is everybody’s business. It is time for the

hand-wringing about the poor mental health of children and young people to stop and for action to be taken. A first step is for investment in the resilience of children and young people to

be a clear priority for government and public services.