The glass transition temperatures of phosphoric acids

The glass transition temperatures of phosphoric acids

Play all audios:

Loading...

ABSTRACT THE vitrification of phosphoric acids is relatively easy, a glass often being formed simply on cooling from the liquid melt. Special procedures, however, are required to crystallise these materials. The glass transition temperature, _T_g, is the temperature above which there is relatively rapid molecular motion; below _T_g translational motion of molecules is inhibited. In standard texts1 it is stated that the glass transition temperature of orthophosphoric acid, H3PO4, is −121 °C. The source of the determination is not always cited but it seems to be that of Kobeko _et al._2 who determined _T_g from measurements of the temperature dependence of the electrical conductivity of phosphoric acid. Although published almost 40 yr ago there does not seem to have been a more recent determination. We present here evidence from broad-line nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies that the estimate of −121 °C for the glass transition temperature of orthophosphoric acid is wrong. A discussion of the nterpretation of the electrical conductivity of phosphoric acid would be in appropriate beyond observing that several different ionic or molecular processes may be responsible for the transfer of electrical charges. Thus, an unambiguous determination of a glass transition from such data may be far from straightforward. Access through your institution Buy or subscribe This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution ACCESS OPTIONS Access through your institution Subscribe to this journal Receive 51 print issues and online access $199.00 per year only $3.90 per issue Learn more Buy this article * Purchase on SpringerLink * Instant access to full article PDF Buy now Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout ADDITIONAL ACCESS OPTIONS: * Log in * Learn about institutional subscriptions * Read our FAQs * Contact customer support SIMILAR CONTENT BEING VIEWED BY OTHERS PRESSURE-INDUCED LIQUID-LIQUID TRANSITION IN A FAMILY OF IONIC MATERIALS Article Open access 15 March 2022 CHARACTERIZATION OF THE HIGH-PRESSURE AND HIGH-TEMPERATURE PHASE DIAGRAM AND EQUATION OF STATE OF CHROMIUM Article Open access 25 April 2022 THERMAL EXPANSION AND THE GLASS TRANSITION Article Open access 06 February 2023 REFERENCES * Toy, A. D. F., _The Chemistry of Phosphorus_, 482 (Pergamon, Oxford, 1975). Google Scholar  * Kobeko, P. P., Kuvshinskii, E. V., and Shishkin, N. J., _J. phys. Chem., Mosc._, 9, 387 (1937). CAS  Google Scholar  * Ellis, B., and McDonald, M. P., _J. non-cryst. Solids_, 1, 186 (1969). Article  CAS  ADS  Google Scholar  * Ellis, B., in _Amorphous Materials_ (edit. by Douglas, R. W., and Ellis, B.), 357 (Wiley, New York, 1972). Google Scholar  * Gee, G., _Amorphous Materials_ (edit. by Douglas, R. W., and Ellis, B.), 115 (Wiley, New York, 1972). Google Scholar  * Yates, M. J., thesis, Univ. Sheffield (1973). * Smith, R. J., thesis, Univ. Sheffield (1976). * Maklakov, A. I., and Pimenov, G. G., _J. polym. Sci., U.S.S.R._, 15, 123 (1973). Article  Google Scholar  * McCall, D. W., _Acc. chem. Res._, 4, 223 (1971). Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * Bondi, A., _Physical Properties of Molecular Crystals, Liquids and Glasses_, 379 (Wiley, New York, 1968). Google Scholar  * Eisenberg, A., Farb, H., and Cool, L. G., _J. polym. Sci._, A-2, 4, 855 (1966). Google Scholar  Download references AUTHOR INFORMATION AUTHORS AND AFFILIATIONS * Department of Ceramics, Glasses and Polymers, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TZ, UK BRYAN ELLIS Authors * BRYAN ELLIS View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar RIGHTS AND PERMISSIONS Reprints and permissions ABOUT THIS ARTICLE CITE THIS ARTICLE ELLIS, B. The glass transition temperatures of phosphoric acids. _Nature_ 263, 674–676 (1976). https://doi.org/10.1038/263674a0 Download citation * Received: 24 May 1976 * Accepted: 10 September 1976 * Published: 01 October 1976 * Issue Date: 21 October 1976 * DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/263674a0 SHARE THIS ARTICLE Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Get shareable link Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Copy to clipboard Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative

ABSTRACT THE vitrification of phosphoric acids is relatively easy, a glass often being formed simply on cooling from the liquid melt. Special procedures, however, are required to crystallise


these materials. The glass transition temperature, _T_g, is the temperature above which there is relatively rapid molecular motion; below _T_g translational motion of molecules is


inhibited. In standard texts1 it is stated that the glass transition temperature of orthophosphoric acid, H3PO4, is −121 °C. The source of the determination is not always cited but it seems


to be that of Kobeko _et al._2 who determined _T_g from measurements of the temperature dependence of the electrical conductivity of phosphoric acid. Although published almost 40 yr ago


there does not seem to have been a more recent determination. We present here evidence from broad-line nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies that the estimate of −121 °C for the glass


transition temperature of orthophosphoric acid is wrong. A discussion of the nterpretation of the electrical conductivity of phosphoric acid would be in appropriate beyond observing that


several different ionic or molecular processes may be responsible for the transfer of electrical charges. Thus, an unambiguous determination of a glass transition from such data may be far


from straightforward. Access through your institution Buy or subscribe This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution ACCESS OPTIONS Access through your institution


Subscribe to this journal Receive 51 print issues and online access $199.00 per year only $3.90 per issue Learn more Buy this article * Purchase on SpringerLink * Instant access to full


article PDF Buy now Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout ADDITIONAL ACCESS OPTIONS: * Log in * Learn about institutional subscriptions * Read our FAQs *


Contact customer support SIMILAR CONTENT BEING VIEWED BY OTHERS PRESSURE-INDUCED LIQUID-LIQUID TRANSITION IN A FAMILY OF IONIC MATERIALS Article Open access 15 March 2022 CHARACTERIZATION OF


THE HIGH-PRESSURE AND HIGH-TEMPERATURE PHASE DIAGRAM AND EQUATION OF STATE OF CHROMIUM Article Open access 25 April 2022 THERMAL EXPANSION AND THE GLASS TRANSITION Article Open access 06


February 2023 REFERENCES * Toy, A. D. F., _The Chemistry of Phosphorus_, 482 (Pergamon, Oxford, 1975). Google Scholar  * Kobeko, P. P., Kuvshinskii, E. V., and Shishkin, N. J., _J. phys.


Chem., Mosc._, 9, 387 (1937). CAS  Google Scholar  * Ellis, B., and McDonald, M. P., _J. non-cryst. Solids_, 1, 186 (1969). Article  CAS  ADS  Google Scholar  * Ellis, B., in _Amorphous


Materials_ (edit. by Douglas, R. W., and Ellis, B.), 357 (Wiley, New York, 1972). Google Scholar  * Gee, G., _Amorphous Materials_ (edit. by Douglas, R. W., and Ellis, B.), 115 (Wiley, New


York, 1972). Google Scholar  * Yates, M. J., thesis, Univ. Sheffield (1973). * Smith, R. J., thesis, Univ. Sheffield (1976). * Maklakov, A. I., and Pimenov, G. G., _J. polym. Sci.,


U.S.S.R._, 15, 123 (1973). Article  Google Scholar  * McCall, D. W., _Acc. chem. Res._, 4, 223 (1971). Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * Bondi, A., _Physical Properties of Molecular Crystals,


Liquids and Glasses_, 379 (Wiley, New York, 1968). Google Scholar  * Eisenberg, A., Farb, H., and Cool, L. G., _J. polym. Sci._, A-2, 4, 855 (1966). Google Scholar  Download references


AUTHOR INFORMATION AUTHORS AND AFFILIATIONS * Department of Ceramics, Glasses and Polymers, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TZ, UK BRYAN ELLIS Authors * BRYAN ELLIS View author


publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar RIGHTS AND PERMISSIONS Reprints and permissions ABOUT THIS ARTICLE CITE THIS ARTICLE ELLIS, B. The glass transition


temperatures of phosphoric acids. _Nature_ 263, 674–676 (1976). https://doi.org/10.1038/263674a0 Download citation * Received: 24 May 1976 * Accepted: 10 September 1976 * Published: 01


October 1976 * Issue Date: 21 October 1976 * DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/263674a0 SHARE THIS ARTICLE Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Get


shareable link Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Copy to clipboard Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative