Em analysis of meiotic chromosome pairing in a pentaploid achillea hybrid

Em analysis of meiotic chromosome pairing in a pentaploid achillea hybrid

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ABSTRACT Presynaptic alignment occurs at zygotene and early pachytene in a pentaploid hybrid between _Achillea collina_ (4x) and _A. millefolium_ (6x). Mostly, the five corresponding chromosomes of each set are assorted into a group of three (two synapsed plus one aligned) and a group of two (synapsed); groups of five axes by alignment and/or pairing are extremely rare. This reflects different degrees of homology between the five genomes and allows inferences about the possible phylogeny and genome formulas of the tetraploid (AASS) and hexaploid (AASSTT) involved. The alignment as subgroups of three and two chromosomes in their 5x hybrid also indicates that synaptic alignment responds to slightly different degrees of homology and is decisive regarding which chromosomes will finally pair effectively and cross over. At early zygotene, alignment is weakly expressed, arguing against premeiotic associations as a precondition for homologous alignment and subsequent synaptonemal complex formation. At late pachytene, synapsis is maximized by autosynapsis of chromosomes which do not take part in the preceding homologous two-by-two synapsis. SIMILAR CONTENT BEING VIEWED BY OTHERS VARIETAL VARIATION AND CHROMOSOME BEHAVIOUR DURING MEIOSIS IN _SOLANUM TUBEROSUM_ Article Open access 10 June 2020 MEIOSIS AT THREE LOCI IN AUTOTETRAPLOIDS: PROBABILITIES OF GAMETE MODES AND GENOTYPES WITHOUT AND WITH PREFERENTIAL CROSS-OVER FORMATION Article 04 February 2023 SCEP1 AND SCEP2 ARE TWO NEW COMPONENTS OF THE SYNAPTONEMAL COMPLEX CENTRAL ELEMENT Article 16 November 2023 ARTICLE PDF REFERENCES * Albini, S M, and Jones, G H. 1984. Synaptonemal complex-associated centromeres and recombination nodules in plant meiocytes prepared by an improved surface-spreading technique. _Expl Cell Res_, 155, 588–592. Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * Ashley, T, and Pocock, N. 1981. A proposed model of chromosomal organization in nuclei at fertilization. _Genetica_, 55, 161–169. Article  Google Scholar  * Bennett, M D. 1984. Premeiotic events and meiotic chromosome pairing. In Evans, C. W. and Dickinson, H. G. (eds)_Symp Soc Exp Biol_, 38, Company of Biologists, Cambridge, pp. 87–121. Google Scholar  * Brown, W V, and Stack, S M. 1968. Somatic pairing as a regular preliminary to meiosis. _Bull Torrey Bot Club_, 95, 369–378. Article  Google Scholar  * Del Fosse, F E, and Church, K. 1981. Presynaptic chromosome behaviour in _Lilium_. I. Centromere orientation and movement during premeiotic interphase in _Lilium speciosum_ cv. Rosemede. _Chromosoma_, 81, 701–716. Article  Google Scholar  * Dickinson, H G. 1987. The physiology and biochemistry of meiosis in the anther. _Int Rev Cytol_, 107, 79–109. Article  Google Scholar  * Ehrendorfer, F. 1959. Differentiation-hybridization cycles and polyploidy in _Achillea_. Cold Spring Harbor _Symp quant Biol_, 24, 141–152. Google Scholar  * Gillies, C B. 1984. The synaptonemal complex in higher plants. _CRC Crit Rev Plant Sci_, 2(2), 81–116. Article  Google Scholar  * Gillies, C B. 1987. The effect of _Ph_ gene alleles on synaptonemal complex formation in _Triticum aestivum x T. kotschyi_ hybrids. _Theor appl Genet_, 74, 430–438. Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * Greilhuber, J, and Ehrendorfer, F. 1988. Karyological approaches to plant taxonomy._ISI Atlas of Science: Animal and Plant Sciences_, 1, 289–297. * Grell, R F. 1969. Meiotic and somatic pairing. In Caspari, E. W. and Raven, A. W. (eds), _Genetic Organization_, Academic Press, New York, pp.361–492. Google Scholar  * Holm, P B, and Wang, X. 1988. The effect of chromosome 5B on synapsis and chiasma formation in wheat, _Triticum_ _aestivum_ cv. Chinese Spring. _Carlsberg Res Commun_, 53, 191–208. Article  Google Scholar  * Jenkins, G. 1985. Synaptonemal complex formation in hybrids of _Lolium temulentum_ x _Lolium perenne_ (L.). II. Triploid. _Chromosoma_, 92, 387–390. Article  Google Scholar  * Jones, G H. 1987. Chiasmata. In Moens P. B. (ed.)_Meiosis_, Academic Press, Orlando, pp.213–244. Chapter  Google Scholar  * Joseph, A M, and Chandley, A C. 1984. The morphological sequence of XY pairing in the Norway rat _Rattus norvegicus_. _Chromosoma_, 89, 381–386. Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * Loidl, J. 1986. Synaptonemal complex spreading in _Allium_. II. Tetraploid _A. vineale_. _Can J Genet Cytol_, 28, 754–761. Article  Google Scholar  * Loidl, J. 1987. Synaptonemal complex spreading in _Allium_ _ursinum:_ pericentric asynapsis and axial thickenings. _J Cell Sci_, 87, 439–448. PubMed  Google Scholar  * Loidl, J. 1988. SC-formation in some _Allium_ species, and a discussion of the significance of SC-associated structures and of the mechanisms for presynaptic alignment. _Pl Syst Evol_, 158, 117–131. Article  Google Scholar  * Loidl, J. 1989. Effects of elevated temperature on meiotic chromosome synapsis in _Allium ursinum_. _Chromosoma_, 97, 449–458. Article  Google Scholar  * Loidl, J, and Jones, G H. 1986. Synaptonemal complex spreading in _Allium_. I. Triploid A. sphaerocephalon. _Chromosoma_, 93, 420–428. Article  Google Scholar  * Maguire, M P. 1977. Homologous chromosome pairing. _Phil Trans R Soc Lond B_, 277, 245–258. Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * Maguire, M P. 1988. Interactive meiotic systems. In Gustafson, J. P. and Appels, R. (eds) _Chromosome Structure and Function_ ._Impact of New Concepts_, Plenum, New York, London, pp.117–144. Chapter  Google Scholar  * Palmer, R G. 1971. Cytological studies of ameiotic and normal maize with reference to meiotic pairing. _Chromosoma_, 35, 233–246. Article  Google Scholar  * Rasmussen, S W. 1977. Chromosome pairing in triploid females of _Bombyx mori_ analyzed by three dimensional reconstructions of synaptonemal complexes. _Carlsberg Res Commun_, 42, 163–197. Article  Google Scholar  * Schneider, I. 1958. Zytogenetische Untersuchungen an Sippen des Polyploid-Komplexes _Achillea millefolium_ L. s. lat. (Zur Phylogenie der Gattung _Achillea_ I). _Österr Bot Zeitschr_, 105, 111–158. Article  Google Scholar  * Speed, R M. 1986. Oocyte development in XO foetuses of man and mouse: the possible role of heterologous X-chromosome pairing in germ cell survivial. _Chromosoma_, 94, 115–124. Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * Sudman, P D, Greenbaum, I F, Hale, D W, and Smith, S A. 1989. Synaptic adjustment in _Peromyscus beatae_ (Rodentia: Cricetidae) heterozygous for interstitial hetero-chromatin. _Cytogenet Cell Genet_, 50, 1–5. Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * Świtoński, M, Gustavsson, I, Höjer, K, and Plöen, L. 1987. Synaptonemal complex analysis of the B-chromosomes in spermatocytes of the silver fox (_Vulpes fulvus_ Desm.). _Cytogenet Cell Genet_, 45, 84–92. Article  Google Scholar  * Sybenga, J. 1975. _Meiotic Configurations_. Springer, Berlin. Book  Google Scholar  * Therman, E, and Sarto, G E. 1977. Premeiotic and early meiotic stages in the pollen mother cells of _Eremurus_ and in human embryonic oocytes. _Hum Genet_, 35 137–151. Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * Tres, L L. 1977. Extensive pairing of the XY bivalent in mouse spermatocytes as visualized in whole-mount electron microscopy. _J Cell Sci_, 25, 1–15. CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar  * Wandall, A, and Svendsen, A, 1985. Transition from somatic to meiotic pairing and progressional changes of the synaptonemal complex in spermatocytes of _Aedes aegypti_. _Chromosoma_, 92, 254–264. Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * Wang, X. 1988. Chromosome pairing analysis in haploid wheat by spreading of meiotic nuclei. _Carlsberg Res Commun_, 53, 135–166. Article  Google Scholar  * Von Wettstein, D, Rassmussen, S W, and Holm, P B. 1984. The synaptonemal complex in genetic segregation. _Ann Rev Genet_, 18, 331–413. Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * White, J, Jenkins, G, and Parker, J S. 1988. Elimination of multivalents during meiotic prophase in _Scilla autum-nalis_. I. Diploid and triploid. _Genome_, 30, 930–939. Article  Google Scholar  Download references AUTHOR INFORMATION AUTHORS AND AFFILIATIONS * Institute of Botany, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, Wien, A-1030, Austria J Loidl, F Ehrendorfer & D Schweizer Authors * J Loidl View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * F Ehrendorfer View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * D Schweizer View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar RIGHTS AND PERMISSIONS Reprints and permissions ABOUT THIS ARTICLE CITE THIS ARTICLE Loidl, J., Ehrendorfer, F. & Schweizer, D. EM analysis of meiotic chromosome pairing in a pentaploid _Achillea_ hybrid. _Heredity_ 65, 11–20 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.1990.64 Download citation * Received: 10 November 1989 * Issue Date: 01 August 1990 * DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.1990.64 SHARE THIS ARTICLE Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Get shareable link Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Copy to clipboard Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative

ABSTRACT Presynaptic alignment occurs at zygotene and early pachytene in a pentaploid hybrid between _Achillea collina_ (4x) and _A. millefolium_ (6x). Mostly, the five corresponding


chromosomes of each set are assorted into a group of three (two synapsed plus one aligned) and a group of two (synapsed); groups of five axes by alignment and/or pairing are extremely rare.


This reflects different degrees of homology between the five genomes and allows inferences about the possible phylogeny and genome formulas of the tetraploid (AASS) and hexaploid (AASSTT)


involved. The alignment as subgroups of three and two chromosomes in their 5x hybrid also indicates that synaptic alignment responds to slightly different degrees of homology and is decisive


regarding which chromosomes will finally pair effectively and cross over. At early zygotene, alignment is weakly expressed, arguing against premeiotic associations as a precondition for


homologous alignment and subsequent synaptonemal complex formation. At late pachytene, synapsis is maximized by autosynapsis of chromosomes which do not take part in the preceding homologous


two-by-two synapsis. SIMILAR CONTENT BEING VIEWED BY OTHERS VARIETAL VARIATION AND CHROMOSOME BEHAVIOUR DURING MEIOSIS IN _SOLANUM TUBEROSUM_ Article Open access 10 June 2020 MEIOSIS AT


THREE LOCI IN AUTOTETRAPLOIDS: PROBABILITIES OF GAMETE MODES AND GENOTYPES WITHOUT AND WITH PREFERENTIAL CROSS-OVER FORMATION Article 04 February 2023 SCEP1 AND SCEP2 ARE TWO NEW COMPONENTS


OF THE SYNAPTONEMAL COMPLEX CENTRAL ELEMENT Article 16 November 2023 ARTICLE PDF REFERENCES * Albini, S M, and Jones, G H. 1984. Synaptonemal complex-associated centromeres and recombination


nodules in plant meiocytes prepared by an improved surface-spreading technique. _Expl Cell Res_, 155, 588–592. Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * Ashley, T, and Pocock, N. 1981. A proposed


model of chromosomal organization in nuclei at fertilization. _Genetica_, 55, 161–169. Article  Google Scholar  * Bennett, M D. 1984. Premeiotic events and meiotic chromosome pairing. In


Evans, C. W. and Dickinson, H. G. (eds)_Symp Soc Exp Biol_, 38, Company of Biologists, Cambridge, pp. 87–121. Google Scholar  * Brown, W V, and Stack, S M. 1968. Somatic pairing as a regular


preliminary to meiosis. _Bull Torrey Bot Club_, 95, 369–378. Article  Google Scholar  * Del Fosse, F E, and Church, K. 1981. Presynaptic chromosome behaviour in _Lilium_. I. Centromere


orientation and movement during premeiotic interphase in _Lilium speciosum_ cv. Rosemede. _Chromosoma_, 81, 701–716. Article  Google Scholar  * Dickinson, H G. 1987. The physiology and


biochemistry of meiosis in the anther. _Int Rev Cytol_, 107, 79–109. Article  Google Scholar  * Ehrendorfer, F. 1959. Differentiation-hybridization cycles and polyploidy in _Achillea_. Cold


Spring Harbor _Symp quant Biol_, 24, 141–152. Google Scholar  * Gillies, C B. 1984. The synaptonemal complex in higher plants. _CRC Crit Rev Plant Sci_, 2(2), 81–116. Article  Google Scholar


  * Gillies, C B. 1987. The effect of _Ph_ gene alleles on synaptonemal complex formation in _Triticum aestivum x T. kotschyi_ hybrids. _Theor appl Genet_, 74, 430–438. Article  CAS  Google


Scholar  * Greilhuber, J, and Ehrendorfer, F. 1988. Karyological approaches to plant taxonomy._ISI Atlas of Science: Animal and Plant Sciences_, 1, 289–297. * Grell, R F. 1969. Meiotic and


somatic pairing. In Caspari, E. W. and Raven, A. W. (eds), _Genetic Organization_, Academic Press, New York, pp.361–492. Google Scholar  * Holm, P B, and Wang, X. 1988. The effect of


chromosome 5B on synapsis and chiasma formation in wheat, _Triticum_ _aestivum_ cv. Chinese Spring. _Carlsberg Res Commun_, 53, 191–208. Article  Google Scholar  * Jenkins, G. 1985.


Synaptonemal complex formation in hybrids of _Lolium temulentum_ x _Lolium perenne_ (L.). II. Triploid. _Chromosoma_, 92, 387–390. Article  Google Scholar  * Jones, G H. 1987. Chiasmata. In


Moens P. B. (ed.)_Meiosis_, Academic Press, Orlando, pp.213–244. Chapter  Google Scholar  * Joseph, A M, and Chandley, A C. 1984. The morphological sequence of XY pairing in the Norway rat


_Rattus norvegicus_. _Chromosoma_, 89, 381–386. Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * Loidl, J. 1986. Synaptonemal complex spreading in _Allium_. II. Tetraploid _A. vineale_. _Can J Genet Cytol_,


28, 754–761. Article  Google Scholar  * Loidl, J. 1987. Synaptonemal complex spreading in _Allium_ _ursinum:_ pericentric asynapsis and axial thickenings. _J Cell Sci_, 87, 439–448. PubMed 


Google Scholar  * Loidl, J. 1988. SC-formation in some _Allium_ species, and a discussion of the significance of SC-associated structures and of the mechanisms for presynaptic alignment. _Pl


Syst Evol_, 158, 117–131. Article  Google Scholar  * Loidl, J. 1989. Effects of elevated temperature on meiotic chromosome synapsis in _Allium ursinum_. _Chromosoma_, 97, 449–458. Article 


Google Scholar  * Loidl, J, and Jones, G H. 1986. Synaptonemal complex spreading in _Allium_. I. Triploid A. sphaerocephalon. _Chromosoma_, 93, 420–428. Article  Google Scholar  * Maguire, M


P. 1977. Homologous chromosome pairing. _Phil Trans R Soc Lond B_, 277, 245–258. Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * Maguire, M P. 1988. Interactive meiotic systems. In Gustafson, J. P. and


Appels, R. (eds) _Chromosome Structure and Function_ ._Impact of New Concepts_, Plenum, New York, London, pp.117–144. Chapter  Google Scholar  * Palmer, R G. 1971. Cytological studies of


ameiotic and normal maize with reference to meiotic pairing. _Chromosoma_, 35, 233–246. Article  Google Scholar  * Rasmussen, S W. 1977. Chromosome pairing in triploid females of _Bombyx


mori_ analyzed by three dimensional reconstructions of synaptonemal complexes. _Carlsberg Res Commun_, 42, 163–197. Article  Google Scholar  * Schneider, I. 1958. Zytogenetische


Untersuchungen an Sippen des Polyploid-Komplexes _Achillea millefolium_ L. s. lat. (Zur Phylogenie der Gattung _Achillea_ I). _Österr Bot Zeitschr_, 105, 111–158. Article  Google Scholar  *


Speed, R M. 1986. Oocyte development in XO foetuses of man and mouse: the possible role of heterologous X-chromosome pairing in germ cell survivial. _Chromosoma_, 94, 115–124. Article  CAS 


Google Scholar  * Sudman, P D, Greenbaum, I F, Hale, D W, and Smith, S A. 1989. Synaptic adjustment in _Peromyscus beatae_ (Rodentia: Cricetidae) heterozygous for interstitial


hetero-chromatin. _Cytogenet Cell Genet_, 50, 1–5. Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * Świtoński, M, Gustavsson, I, Höjer, K, and Plöen, L. 1987. Synaptonemal complex analysis of the


B-chromosomes in spermatocytes of the silver fox (_Vulpes fulvus_ Desm.). _Cytogenet Cell Genet_, 45, 84–92. Article  Google Scholar  * Sybenga, J. 1975. _Meiotic Configurations_. Springer,


Berlin. Book  Google Scholar  * Therman, E, and Sarto, G E. 1977. Premeiotic and early meiotic stages in the pollen mother cells of _Eremurus_ and in human embryonic oocytes. _Hum Genet_, 35


137–151. Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * Tres, L L. 1977. Extensive pairing of the XY bivalent in mouse spermatocytes as visualized in whole-mount electron microscopy. _J Cell Sci_, 25,


1–15. CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar  * Wandall, A, and Svendsen, A, 1985. Transition from somatic to meiotic pairing and progressional changes of the synaptonemal complex in spermatocytes of


_Aedes aegypti_. _Chromosoma_, 92, 254–264. Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * Wang, X. 1988. Chromosome pairing analysis in haploid wheat by spreading of meiotic nuclei. _Carlsberg Res


Commun_, 53, 135–166. Article  Google Scholar  * Von Wettstein, D, Rassmussen, S W, and Holm, P B. 1984. The synaptonemal complex in genetic segregation. _Ann Rev Genet_, 18, 331–413.


Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * White, J, Jenkins, G, and Parker, J S. 1988. Elimination of multivalents during meiotic prophase in _Scilla autum-nalis_. I. Diploid and triploid. _Genome_,


30, 930–939. Article  Google Scholar  Download references AUTHOR INFORMATION AUTHORS AND AFFILIATIONS * Institute of Botany, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, Wien, A-1030, Austria J Loidl, 


F Ehrendorfer & D Schweizer Authors * J Loidl View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * F Ehrendorfer View author publications You can also


search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * D Schweizer View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar RIGHTS AND PERMISSIONS Reprints and


permissions ABOUT THIS ARTICLE CITE THIS ARTICLE Loidl, J., Ehrendorfer, F. & Schweizer, D. EM analysis of meiotic chromosome pairing in a pentaploid _Achillea_ hybrid. _Heredity_ 65,


11–20 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.1990.64 Download citation * Received: 10 November 1989 * Issue Date: 01 August 1990 * DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/hdy.1990.64 SHARE THIS ARTICLE


Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Get shareable link Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Copy to clipboard Provided


by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative