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![Access through your institution Buy or subscribe Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR-T) cell therapy represents a groundbreaking advancement in the field of cancer immunotherapy, where it offers a highly targeted and personalized approach to cancer treatment [1]. Since its birth in 1993, this innovative therapy has been built upon the genetic engineering of a patient’s own T cells to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR), which is designed to recognize and bind to specific antigens present on cancer cells [1]. By reprogramming the immune system to better recognize and destroy malignant cells, CAR-T therapy improves the body's natural ability to fight cancer cells with unprecedented precision and effectiveness [1]. The therapeutic potential of CAR-T cells has been particularly promising in the treatment of hematological malignancies, such as lymphoma and multiple myeloma (MM) [2]. The ability to specifically target antigens, such as CD19 in B cell malignancies, CD20 in lymphomas, and CD138 in MM, allows for a more directed and efficient immune response and significantly reduces the off-target effects that often accompany traditional cancer treatments like chemotherapy or radiation [2, 3]. This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution ACCESS OPTIONS Access through your institution Subscribe to this journal Receive 18 print issues and online access $259.00 per year only $14.39 per issue Learn more Buy this article * Purchase on SpringerLink * Instant access to full article PDF Buy now Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout ADDITIONAL ACCESS OPTIONS: * Log in * Learn about institutional subscriptions * Read our FAQs * Contact customer support REFERENCES * Eshhar Z, Waks T, Gross G, Schindler DG. Specific activation and targeting of cytotoxic lymphocytes through chimeric single chains consisting of antibody-binding domains and the gamma or zeta subunits of the immunoglobulin and T-cell receptors. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1993;90:720–4. Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar * Zhao Z, Chen Y, Francisco NM, Zhang Y, Wu M. The application of CAR-T cell therapy in hematological malignancies: advantages and challenges. Acta Pharm Sin B. 2018;8:539. Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar * CAR-T cell therapy in hematological malignancies: current opportunities and challenges - PMC [Internet]. [cited 2024 May 28]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9226391/ * Chan CC, Wallace DJ. Intraocular lymphoma: update on diagnosis and management. Cancer Control. 2004;11:285–95. Article PubMed Google Scholar * Salmon JF Chapter 20 - Ocular Tumours. In: Salmon JF, editor. Kanski’s Synopsis of Clinical Ophthalmology (Fourth Edition) [Internet]. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2023 [cited 2024 May 29]. 377–400. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780702083730000208 * Cancer CCS/S canadienne du. Canadian Cancer Society. 2023 [cited 2024 May 29]. Immunotherapy for non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Available from: https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/treatment/immunotherapy * Cook MR, Dorris CS, Makambi KH, Luo Y, Munshi PN, Donato M, et al. Toxicity and efficacy of CAR T-cell therapy in primary and secondary CNS lymphoma: a meta-analysis of 128 patients. Blood Adv. 2023;7:32. Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar * Shoji MK, Chen Y, Topilow NJ, Abou Khzam R, Dubovy SR, Johnson TE. Orbital involvement in multiple myeloma. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg. 2023;39:347–56. Article PubMed Google Scholar * Mei H, Li C, Jiang H, Zhao X, Huang Z, Jin D, et al. A bispecific CAR-T cell therapy targeting BCMA and CD38 in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. J Hematol Oncol. 2021;14:161. Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar * Park JH, Rivière I, Gonen M, Wang X, Sénéchal B, Curran KJ, et al. Long-term follow-up of CD19 CAR therapy in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. N. Engl J Med. 2018;378:449–59. Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar * Alsarhani WK, Abu El-Asrar AM. Varicella zoster viral retinitis following chimeric antigenic response T-cell therapy for B-cell lymphoma. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2022;30:1447–8. Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar * Zhang X, Zhang H, Lan H, Wu J, Xiao Y. CAR-T cell therapy in multiple myeloma: current limitations and potential strategies. Front Immunol. 2023;14:1101495. Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar * Wang Y, Cao J, Gu W, Shi M, Lan J, Yan Z, et al. Long-term follow-up of combination of B-cell maturation antigen and CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cells in multiple myeloma. JCO. 2022;40:2246–56. Article CAS Google Scholar * Frey C, Cherniawsky H, Etminan M Ocular adverse events following CAR-T cell therapy: a pharmacovigilance study and systematic review. Eur J Haematol [Internet]. [cited 2024 May 29];n/a(n/a). Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/ejh.14208 * Mumtaz AA, Fischer A, Lutfi F, Matsumoto LR, Atanackovic D, Kolanci ET, et al. Ocular adverse events associated with chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy: a case series and review. Br J Ophthalmol. 2023;107:901–5. Article PubMed Google Scholar * Denton CC, Gange WS, Abdel-Azim H, Jodele S, Kapoor N, Oberley MJ, et al. Bilateral retinal detachment after chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy. Blood Adv. 2020;4:2158–62. Article PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar * Locke FL, Ghobadi A, Jacobson CA, Miklos DB, Lekakis LJ, Oluwole OO, et al. Long-term safety and activity of axicabtagene ciloleucel in refractory large B-cell lymphoma (ZUMA-1): a single-arm, multicentre, phase 1–2 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2019;20:31–42. Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Download references AUTHOR INFORMATION AUTHORS AND AFFILIATIONS * School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland Mouayad Masalkhi * Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon Noura Wahhoud * University Hospital Waterford, Waterford, Ireland Ezzat Elhassadi Authors * Mouayad Masalkhi View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Noura Wahhoud View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Ezzat Elhassadi View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar CONTRIBUTIONS MM: idea synthesis and literature review. NW: literature review and manuscript writing. EE: manuscript editing and evaluation. CORRESPONDING AUTHOR Correspondence to Mouayad Masalkhi. ETHICS DECLARATIONS COMPETING INTERESTS The authors declare no competing interests. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION PUBLISHER’S NOTE Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. RIGHTS AND PERMISSIONS Reprints and permissions ABOUT THIS ARTICLE CITE THIS ARTICLE Masalkhi, M., Wahhoud, N. & Elhassadi, E. Next-gen oncology: the role of CAR-T cells against ocular lymphoma and myeloma. _Eye_ 38, 3416–3417 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-024-03324-6 Download citation * Received: 26 July 2024 * Revised: 02 August 2024 * Accepted: 03 September 2024 * Published: 12 September 2024 * Issue Date: December 2024 * DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-024-03324-6 SHARE THIS ARTICLE Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Get shareable link Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. 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Access through your institution Buy or subscribe Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR-T) cell therapy represents a groundbreaking advancement in the field of cancer immunotherapy, where it offers
a highly targeted and personalized approach to cancer treatment [1]. Since its birth in 1993, this innovative therapy has been built upon the genetic engineering of a patient’s own T cells
to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR), which is designed to recognize and bind to specific antigens present on cancer cells [1]. By reprogramming the immune system to better recognize
and destroy malignant cells, CAR-T therapy improves the body's natural ability to fight cancer cells with unprecedented precision and effectiveness [1]. The therapeutic potential of
CAR-T cells has been particularly promising in the treatment of hematological malignancies, such as lymphoma and multiple myeloma (MM) [2]. The ability to specifically target antigens, such
as CD19 in B cell malignancies, CD20 in lymphomas, and CD138 in MM, allows for a more directed and efficient immune response and significantly reduces the off-target effects that often
accompany traditional cancer treatments like chemotherapy or radiation [2, 3]. This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution ACCESS OPTIONS Access through your
institution Subscribe to this journal Receive 18 print issues and online access $259.00 per year only $14.39 per issue Learn more Buy this article * Purchase on SpringerLink * Instant access
to full article PDF Buy now Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout ADDITIONAL ACCESS OPTIONS: * Log in * Learn about institutional subscriptions * Read
our FAQs * Contact customer support REFERENCES * Eshhar Z, Waks T, Gross G, Schindler DG. Specific activation and targeting of cytotoxic lymphocytes through chimeric single chains consisting
of antibody-binding domains and the gamma or zeta subunits of the immunoglobulin and T-cell receptors. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1993;90:720–4. Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google
Scholar * Zhao Z, Chen Y, Francisco NM, Zhang Y, Wu M. The application of CAR-T cell therapy in hematological malignancies: advantages and challenges. Acta Pharm Sin B. 2018;8:539. Article
PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar * CAR-T cell therapy in hematological malignancies: current opportunities and challenges - PMC [Internet]. [cited 2024 May 28]. Available from:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9226391/ * Chan CC, Wallace DJ. Intraocular lymphoma: update on diagnosis and management. Cancer Control. 2004;11:285–95. Article PubMed Google
Scholar * Salmon JF Chapter 20 - Ocular Tumours. In: Salmon JF, editor. Kanski’s Synopsis of Clinical Ophthalmology (Fourth Edition) [Internet]. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2023 [cited 2024
May 29]. 377–400. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780702083730000208 * Cancer CCS/S canadienne du. Canadian Cancer Society. 2023 [cited 2024 May 29].
Immunotherapy for non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Available from: https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/treatment/immunotherapy * Cook MR, Dorris CS, Makambi KH,
Luo Y, Munshi PN, Donato M, et al. Toxicity and efficacy of CAR T-cell therapy in primary and secondary CNS lymphoma: a meta-analysis of 128 patients. Blood Adv. 2023;7:32. Article CAS
PubMed Google Scholar * Shoji MK, Chen Y, Topilow NJ, Abou Khzam R, Dubovy SR, Johnson TE. Orbital involvement in multiple myeloma. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg. 2023;39:347–56. Article
PubMed Google Scholar * Mei H, Li C, Jiang H, Zhao X, Huang Z, Jin D, et al. A bispecific CAR-T cell therapy targeting BCMA and CD38 in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. J Hematol
Oncol. 2021;14:161. Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar * Park JH, Rivière I, Gonen M, Wang X, Sénéchal B, Curran KJ, et al. Long-term follow-up of CD19 CAR therapy in
acute lymphoblastic leukemia. N. Engl J Med. 2018;378:449–59. Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar * Alsarhani WK, Abu El-Asrar AM. Varicella zoster viral retinitis
following chimeric antigenic response T-cell therapy for B-cell lymphoma. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2022;30:1447–8. Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar * Zhang X, Zhang H, Lan H, Wu J, Xiao Y.
CAR-T cell therapy in multiple myeloma: current limitations and potential strategies. Front Immunol. 2023;14:1101495. Article CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar * Wang Y, Cao J,
Gu W, Shi M, Lan J, Yan Z, et al. Long-term follow-up of combination of B-cell maturation antigen and CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cells in multiple myeloma. JCO. 2022;40:2246–56.
Article CAS Google Scholar * Frey C, Cherniawsky H, Etminan M Ocular adverse events following CAR-T cell therapy: a pharmacovigilance study and systematic review. Eur J Haematol
[Internet]. [cited 2024 May 29];n/a(n/a). Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/ejh.14208 * Mumtaz AA, Fischer A, Lutfi F, Matsumoto LR, Atanackovic D, Kolanci ET, et al. Ocular adverse
events associated with chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy: a case series and review. Br J Ophthalmol. 2023;107:901–5. Article PubMed Google Scholar * Denton CC, Gange WS, Abdel-Azim
H, Jodele S, Kapoor N, Oberley MJ, et al. Bilateral retinal detachment after chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy. Blood Adv. 2020;4:2158–62. Article PubMed PubMed Central Google
Scholar * Locke FL, Ghobadi A, Jacobson CA, Miklos DB, Lekakis LJ, Oluwole OO, et al. Long-term safety and activity of axicabtagene ciloleucel in refractory large B-cell lymphoma (ZUMA-1):
a single-arm, multicentre, phase 1–2 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2019;20:31–42. Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Download references AUTHOR INFORMATION AUTHORS AND AFFILIATIONS * School of
Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland Mouayad Masalkhi * Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon Noura Wahhoud * University Hospital
Waterford, Waterford, Ireland Ezzat Elhassadi Authors * Mouayad Masalkhi View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Noura Wahhoud View author
publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Ezzat Elhassadi View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar CONTRIBUTIONS
MM: idea synthesis and literature review. NW: literature review and manuscript writing. EE: manuscript editing and evaluation. CORRESPONDING AUTHOR Correspondence to Mouayad Masalkhi. ETHICS
DECLARATIONS COMPETING INTERESTS The authors declare no competing interests. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION PUBLISHER’S NOTE Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in
published maps and institutional affiliations. RIGHTS AND PERMISSIONS Reprints and permissions ABOUT THIS ARTICLE CITE THIS ARTICLE Masalkhi, M., Wahhoud, N. & Elhassadi, E. Next-gen
oncology: the role of CAR-T cells against ocular lymphoma and myeloma. _Eye_ 38, 3416–3417 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-024-03324-6 Download citation * Received: 26 July 2024 *
Revised: 02 August 2024 * Accepted: 03 September 2024 * Published: 12 September 2024 * Issue Date: December 2024 * DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41433-024-03324-6 SHARE THIS ARTICLE Anyone
you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Get shareable link Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Copy to clipboard Provided by the
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