_Curious Kids is a series for children. If you have a question you’d like an expert to answer, send it to [email protected] You might also like the podcast Imagine This, a

co-production between ABC KIDS listen and The Conversation, based on Curious Kids._ ------------------------- > I WANT TO KNOW HOW DID LANGUAGE IN WORDS START? - FINN, AGE 10, > 

MELBOURNE. ------------------------- This is a great question for a curious kid. But it is such a hard question that in 1866 the Linguistic Society of Paris got sick of people writing about

it with nothing more than guesses, and banned articles on the topic. Fortunately, scientific progress in the past 150 years has changed this situation. We don’t have all the answers, but we

ancestors of chimpanzees, who do not have language. And our best guess (from this article) is that we had language at least 500,000 years ago, because it seems Neanderthals may have had

language like ours, and our last common ancestor with them was half a million years before today. So what happened between no-language and language? Because change is generally gradual - an

idea that scientists call the “principle of uniformity” - many people who study language origins believe there was an intermediary stage, called “proto-language”. It’s hard to find out what

happened in language so long ago, because words don’t have bones, and so don’t leave fossils. One of the ways we work out what proto-language might have been like is by looking at languages

that have developed from nothing in recent times. One of the best examples is Nicaraguan Sign Language (LSN). ------------------------- _ READ MORE: CURIOUS KIDS: WHY DOES ENGLISH HAVE SO

MANY DIFFERENT SPELLING RULES? _ ------------------------- THE CHILDREN WHO CREATED THEIR OWN LANGUAGE Before 1977, deaf children in Nicaragua lived with their families and were often very

isolated, as there were no special schools for them. Generally, they created their own gestures for communicating with their families. But by 1983, more than 400 of them were attending a

school in the capital city. The students there really wanted to speak to each other, but did not have a common language. They started to create one together, transforming their separate home

signing systems into the beginnings of a new language. Younger children learned from older children, and changed the hand gestures to make them more fluent. So before spoken language might

have got started, just like before LSN got started, we probably communicated in a proto-language with a small range of sounds and signs local to our own group. Through repeated interaction

inside our small community groups and between those groups over thousands of years, better ways of communicating with sound arose, either by chance or by people being creative. We know from

experiments (like this one) that people like to adopt new ways of representing things if they seem better, or more efficient. Over many thousands of years, there would have been lots of

opportunities to create new ways of talking, try them out, adapt them, keep the good ones, and steal better ones from your neighbours. In the space of a few short years, deaf Nicaraguan

school children created their own language. Over hundreds of thousands of years, the same process created the thousands of spoken languages that exist in the world today.

------------------------- _ READ MORE: CURIOUS KIDS: WHO MADE THE ALPHABET SONG? _ ------------------------- _Hello, curious kids! Have you got a question you’d like an expert to answer? Ask

an adult to send your question to [email protected]_ _Please tell us your name, age and which city you live in. We won’t be able to answer every question but we will do our

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